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Das Mehrheitsprinzip ist die einzige Regel, die allen Bürgern ein gleiches politisches Gewicht gibt; und die politische Gleichheit ist die Grundlage aller Demokratie. Wo die Mehrheitsregel waltet, muss zwar keine Demokratie sein; aber wo Demokratie ist, kann nur die Mehrheitsregel gelten. Indes, die Mehrheitsentscheidung geht den Repräsentativsystemen zunehmend verloren. In den nationalen und supranationalen Institutionen wird immer mehr das ,Aushandeln' gepflegt. Die Klage über die ,Entparlamentarisierung' trifft nicht zuletzt dieses Verschwinden der Kultur des Debattierens und des konsenslosen Entscheidens. Denn wo die Parlamentarier unter dem Diktat des Fraktionszwanges abstimmen, kann von einer Mehrheitsentscheidung im klassischen Sinne keine Rede mehr sein. Der Ruf nach mehr direkter Demokratie wird daher immer lauter. Und er verlangt nach historischer Rückbesinnung auf die kulturellen Bedingungen des Mehrheitsprinzips. Dieser Band beschäftigt sich mit unterschiedlichsten Aspekten des Mehrheitsprinzips. Der Schwerpunkt der Beiträge liegt naturgemäß dort, wo das Mehrheitsprinzip erstmals umfassend und kontinuierlich auf unterschiedlichsten institutionellen Ebenen angewandt wurde, nämlich in der griechisch-römischen Antike. Mit Beiträgen von: Maria H. Dettenhofer, Egon Flaig, Werner Heun, Karl-Joachim Hölkeskamp, Martin Jehne, Johannes Preiser-Kapeller, Markus Rüttermann, Winfried Schmitz, Elke Stein-Hölkeskamp, Thomas Wagner, Hans-Ulrich Wiemer.

Consensus (Social sciences) --- Authority --- Common good --- General will --- Power (Social sciences)

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Désormais centrale pour toute réflexion sur la démocratie, la notion d’espace public est actuellement soumise à une révision radicale, qui va bien au-delà de la critique de la subordination de la sphère publique au pouvoir politique, aux médias et aux puissances d'argent. La théorie de l'espace public est en effet confrontée à nombre de défis, liés à la critique de la raison, à l’échec du « projet de la modernité » ainsi qu'à la transformation de nos sociétés. Il lui faut inventer un nouveau langage, imaginer des dispositifs institutionnels inédits, pour ajuster au mode de fonctionnement de sociétés décentrées un idéal d'Öffentlichkeit hérité des Anciens et des Modernes. Elle doit, pour cela, acquérir une meilleure compréhension des vertus de l'espace public, en particulier de sa capacité d'engendrer une forme moderne de communauté. Combinant analyses conceptuelles, élaborations théoriques, reconstructions historiques et études d'innovations en cours, le présent volume restitue l'état des recherches et des discussions qui témoignent de cette remise en chantier du concept d'espace public.

Power (Social sciences) --- Democracy --- Pouvoir (Sciences sociales) --- Démocratie --- Legitimacy of governments --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- General will --- Civil society --- Démocratie --- Democracy. --- Legitimacy of governments. --- General will. --- Civil society. --- Social contract --- Will, General --- Authority --- Common good --- Governments, Legitimacy of --- Legitimacy (Constitutional law) --- Revolutions --- Sovereignty --- State, The --- Political stability --- Regime change --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Empowerment (Social sciences) --- Political power --- Exchange theory (Sociology) --- Social sciences --- Sociology --- pouvoir --- Öffentlichkeit --- monde commun --- esprit public --- souveraineté

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The problem of evil has vexed for centuries:

Marilyn McCord Adams --- n/a --- hope --- redemptive goods --- Nelly Sachs --- indeterminism --- anti-theodicy --- antitheodicy --- al Ghaz?l? --- goodness --- multiverse --- horrendous evil --- metaphysical realism --- multiverses --- Islam --- Joseph --- antitheodicism --- Primo Levi --- realism --- Almeida --- Zurichat the Stork --- literature --- Teilhard de Chardin --- world --- feminist ethics --- God --- creation --- suffering love --- philosophy of religion --- Marilynne Robinson --- Martin Heidegger --- religion --- Emmanuel Levinas --- Richard Swinburne --- Paul Celan --- god --- the Book of Job --- type and token values --- enestological theodicy --- suffering --- disability --- recognition --- good --- Anselmianism --- Margaret Cavendish --- problem of evil --- sadomasochism --- Job --- Christian vision --- queer reading --- black lives matter --- gay studies --- racial disregard --- free will --- Roth --- Todtnauberg --- Flannery O’Connor --- theodicism --- evil --- good and evil --- rational moral wish satisfaction --- Qur’an --- liberation theology --- the problem of evil --- mystical body --- mysticism --- Home --- atrocity paradigm --- race --- divine justice --- Gilead trilogy --- theodicy --- epistemic injustice --- Marilyn Adams --- universe --- infinite value --- acknowledgment --- Theodicy. --- Good and evil --- Religious aspects. --- Evil, Problem of (Theology) --- Permissive will of God --- Problem of evil (Theology) --- Permissive will --- Will, Permissive --- Flannery O'Connor --- Qur'an

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Emergent quantum mechanics explores the possibility of an ontology for quantum mechanics. The resurgence of interest in ""deeper-level"" theories for quantum phenomena challenges the standard, textbook interpretation. The book presents expert views that critically evaluate the significance—for 21st century physics—of ontological quantum mechanics, an approach that David Bohm helped pioneer. The possibility of a deterministic quantum theory was first introduced with the original de Broglie-Bohm theory, which has also been developed as Bohmian mechanics. The wide range of perspectives that were contributed to this book on the occasion of David Bohm’s centennial celebration provide ample evidence for the physical consistency of ontological quantum mechanics. The book addresses deeper-level questions such as the following: Is reality intrinsically random or fundamentally interconnected? Is the universe local or nonlocal? Might a radically new conception of reality include a form of quantum causality or quantum ontology? What is the role of the experimenter agent? As the book demonstrates, the advancement of ‘quantum ontology’—as a scientific concept—marks a clear break with classical reality. The search for quantum reality entails unconventional causal structures and non-classical ontology, which can be fully consistent with the known record of quantum observations in the laboratory.

non-locality --- ultraviolet divergence --- constraints --- Kilmister equation --- bohmian mechanics --- epistemic agent --- Bohmian mechanics --- relational space --- Feynman paths --- Langevin equation --- quantum causality --- emergent quantum gravity --- quantum ontology --- interpretations --- emergent quantum state --- undecidable dynamics --- molecule interference --- emergent quantum mechanics --- no-hidden-variables theorems --- mind–body problem --- physical ontology --- quantum foundations --- matter-wave optics --- conscious agent --- diffusion constant --- Bell theorem --- Burgers equation --- objective non-signaling constraint --- self-referential dynamics --- Bell inequality --- interpretation --- photochemistry --- Born rule statistics --- sub-quantum dynamics --- dynamical chaos --- weak measurement --- p-adic metric --- Levi-Civita connection --- David Bohm --- H-theorem --- the causal arrow of time --- strong coupling --- vortical dynamics --- fundamental irreversibility --- magnetic deflectometry --- quantum thermodynamics --- de Broglie–Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics --- wavefunction nodes --- stochastic quantum dynamics --- entropic gravity --- metrology --- Schrödinger equation --- gauge freedom --- Monte Carlo simulations --- micro-constituents --- nonequilibrium thermodynamics --- Bell’s theorem --- emergent space-time --- spin --- quantum field theory --- time-symmetry --- Gaussian-like solutions --- Hamiltonian --- number theory --- fractional velocity --- ergodicity --- fractal geometry --- atomic metastable states --- operator thermodynamic functions --- Canonical Presentation --- Retrocausation --- interpretations of quantum mechanics --- Bohm theory --- quantum mechanics --- zero-point field --- conspiracy --- pilot wave --- quantum holism --- toy-models --- curvature tensor --- Aharonov–Bohm effect --- computational irreducibility --- Stochastic Electrodynamics --- diffraction --- retrocausality --- resonances in quantum systems --- stochastic differential equations --- Bianchi identity --- past of the photon --- commutator --- relational interpretation of quantum mechanics --- free will --- nomology --- trajectories --- primitive ontology --- Mach–Zehnder interferometer --- weak values --- singular limit --- interior-boundary condition --- Poincaré recurrence --- quantum inaccessibility --- symplectic camel --- surrealistic trajectories --- observables --- Stern-Gerlach --- decoherence --- quantum non-equilibrium --- generalized Lagrangian paths --- superdeterminism --- black hole thermodynamics --- nonlocality --- measurement problem --- entropy and time evolution --- bouncing oil droplets --- spontaneous state reduction --- quantum theory --- many interacting worlds --- complex entropy. --- Turing incomputability --- iterant --- space-time fluctuations --- quantum potential --- ontological quantum mechanics --- photon trajectory --- Dove prism --- the Friedrichs model --- contextuality --- discrete calculus --- transition probability amplitude --- gravity --- pilot-wave theory --- matter-waves --- de Broglie-Bohm theory --- covariant quantum gravity --- atom-surface scattering --- de Broglie–Bohm theory